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Organic Complexes

有機配體?	?金屬離子?	?絡合物名稱?	?分子式?
Ethylenediamine (C?H?N?)	Cu2?	硫酸四氨合銅(II)	[Cu(NH?)?]SO?
Ethylenediamine	Li?	乙炔鋰乙二胺絡合物	C?H?LiN?
EDTA (C??H??N?O?)	Fe3?	乙二胺四乙酸鐵鈉	CHFeN?NaO?
EDTA (C??H??N?O?)	Fe3?	乙二胺四乙酸鐵鈉	CHFeN?NaO?
草酸 (C?H?O?)	Nb??	草酸鈮絡合物	CH?NbO
草酸	UO?2?	草酸鈾酰	UO?C?O?
二苯基膦二茂鐵	Pd2?	1,1-雙(二苯基膦)二茂鐵二氯化鈀	Pd(dppf)Cl?·CH?Cl?
乙酰丙酮	Cu2?	乙基乙酰乙酸銅	C??H??CuO?
硫氰酸根 (SCN?)	Fe3?	硫氰酸鐵(III)	[Fe(SCN)?]
烯烴 (C?H?)	Pt2?	烯烴鉑絡合物	K[Pt(C?H?)Cl?]

Organic complexes, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), citrate, and tartrate, form stable complexes with heavy metal ions. Once these substances enter wastewater, they pose a serious environmental challenge.

Organic complexes are typically highly chemically stable, difficult to biodegrade, and some are even biotoxic. Discharge of organic complexes into water bodies not only directly pollutes the water but can also migrate and transform within the environment, increasing the solubility and mobility of heavy metals, interfering with the efficiency of conventional wastewater treatment processes, and posing a potential long-term threat to ecosystems.

Organic complexes are commonly found in industrial wastewater. Their core structure typically consists of one or more organic ligands bound to a central metal ion through coordination bonds.

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The key to UV/H?O? degradation of these pollutants lies in the strong oxidative action of hydroxyl radicals (·OH), which first attack the organic ligands and disrupt their structure, thereby achieving two core processes: "decomplexation" (i.e., breaking the metal-ligand bond) and "ligand degradation." After decomplexation, the metal ions exist in a free state or as simple compounds, making them easily amenable to further treatment, such as coagulation and sedimentation.

有機絡合物01.png

Typical applications include:

· Electroless copper plating, plating baths, and wastewater (EDTA, tartaric acid, etc.)

· Electroless nickel plating, plating baths, and wastewater (citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, etc.)

· TSA wastewater and plating baths (tartaric acid)

· Zinc-nickel wastewater (polycarboxylic acid, EDA, EDTA, PEDA, etc.)

· Phosphonate-containing wastewater (phosphine, etc.)

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